Integrated Devices for Non?Invasive Diagnostics

“Sample-in-answer-out” type integrated diagnostic devices have been widely recognized as the ultimate solution to simplify testing across healthcare systems. Such systems are equipped with advanced fluidic, mechanical, chemical, biological, and electronic components handle patient samples without any manual steps therefore potential accelerate intervention improve outcomes. In this regard, combination of non-invasive sampling has gained a substantial interest further comfort safety patients. Review, pioneering developments in diagnostics covered their is discussed. The key properties possible sample types highlighted by addressing relevance for clinical practice. Last, factors affecting transition from academia market identified analyzing technology readiness levels selected examples alternative remedies explored increase rate survival during transition.